meta.foundation-version{font-family:"/5.2.2/"}meta.foundation-mq-small{font-family:"/only screen/";width:0px}meta.foundation-mq-medium{font-family:"/only screen and (min-width:561px)/";width:561px}meta.foundation-mq-large{font-family:"/only screen and (min-width:761px)/";width:761px}meta.foundation-mq-xlarge{font-family:"/only screen and (min-width:1025px)/";width:1025px}meta.foundation-mq-xxlarge{font-family:"/only screen and (min-width:120.063em)/";width:120.063em}meta.foundation-data-attribute-namespace{font-family:false}.accordion{*zoom:1;margin-bottom:0}.accordion:before,.accordion:after{content:" ";display:table}.accordion:after{clear:both}.accordion dd{display:block;margin-bottom:0 !important}.accordion dd.active>a{background:transparent}.accordion dd>a{background:transparent;color:#265985;padding:0 0 0 15px;display:block;font-family:arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif;font-size:1rem}.accordion dd>a:hover{background:transparent}.accordion .content{display:none;padding:0 0 0 15px}.accordion .content.active{display:block;background:transparent}.f-dropdown{position:absolute;left:-9999px;list-style:none;margin-left:0;width:100%;max-height:none;height:auto;background:#fff;border:solid 1px #ccc;font-size:1rem;z-index:99;margin-top:2px;max-width:200px}.f-dropdown>*:first-child{margin-top:0}.f-dropdown>*:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.f-dropdown:before{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 6px;border-color:transparent transparent #fff transparent;border-bottom-style:solid;position:absolute;top:-12px;left:10px;z-index:99}.f-dropdown:after{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 7px;border-color:transparent transparent #ccc transparent;border-bottom-style:solid;position:absolute;top:-14px;left:9px;z-index:98}.f-dropdown.right:before{left:auto;right:10px}.f-dropdown.right:after{left:auto;right:9px}.f-dropdown.drop-right{position:absolute;left:-9999px;list-style:none;margin-left:0;width:100%;max-height:none;height:auto;background:#fff;border:solid 1px #ccc;font-size:1rem;z-index:99;margin-top:0;margin-left:2px;max-width:200px}.f-dropdown.drop-right>*:first-child{margin-top:0}.f-dropdown.drop-right>*:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.f-dropdown.drop-right:before{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 6px;border-color:transparent #fff transparent transparent;border-right-style:solid;position:absolute;top:10px;left:-12px;z-index:99}.f-dropdown.drop-right:after{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 7px;border-color:transparent #ccc transparent transparent;border-right-style:solid;position:absolute;top:9px;left:-14px;z-index:98}.f-dropdown.drop-left{position:absolute;left:-9999px;list-style:none;margin-left:0;width:100%;max-height:none;height:auto;background:#fff;border:solid 1px #ccc;font-size:1rem;z-index:99;margin-top:0;margin-left:-2px;max-width:200px}.f-dropdown.drop-left>*:first-child{margin-top:0}.f-dropdown.drop-left>*:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.f-dropdown.drop-left:before{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 6px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #fff;border-left-style:solid;position:absolute;top:10px;right:-12px;left:auto;z-index:99}.f-dropdown.drop-left:after{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 7px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #ccc;border-left-style:solid;position:absolute;top:9px;right:-14px;left:auto;z-index:98}.f-dropdown.drop-top{position:absolute;left:-9999px;list-style:none;margin-left:0;width:100%;max-height:none;height:auto;background:#fff;border:solid 1px #ccc;font-size:1rem;z-index:99;margin-top:-2px;margin-left:0;max-width:200px}.f-dropdown.drop-top>*:first-child{margin-top:0}.f-dropdown.drop-top>*:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.f-dropdown.drop-top:before{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 6px;border-color:#fff transparent transparent transparent;border-top-style:solid;position:absolute;top:auto;bottom:-12px;left:10px;right:auto;z-index:99}.f-dropdown.drop-top:after{content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 7px;border-color:#ccc transparent transparent transparent;border-top-style:solid;position:absolute;top:auto;bottom:-14px;left:9px;right:auto;z-index:98}.f-dropdown li{font-size:1rem;cursor:pointer;line-height:1.125rem;margin:0}.f-dropdown li:hover,.f-dropdown li:focus{background:none}.f-dropdown li a{display:block;padding:0 0 0.75rem;color:#265985}.f-dropdown.content{position:absolute;left:-9999px;list-style:none;margin-left:0;padding:1.25rem;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:none;background:#fff;border:solid 1px #ccc;font-size:1rem;z-index:99;max-width:200px}.f-dropdown.content>*:first-child{margin-top:0}.f-dropdown.content>*:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.f-dropdown.tiny{max-width:200px}.f-dropdown.small{max-width:300px}.f-dropdown.medium{max-width:500px}.f-dropdown.large{max-width:800px}.reveal-modal-bg{position:fixed;height:100%;width:100%;background:#000;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.45);z-index:99;display:none;top:0;left:0}dialog,.reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{visibility:hidden;display:none;position:absolute;z-index:100;width:100vw;top:0;left:0;background-color:#fff;padding:0;border:solid 5px #546d89;box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.4)}@media only screen and (max-width: 560px){dialog,.reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{min-height:100vh}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px){dialog,.reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{left:50%}}dialog .column,dialog .columns,.reveal-modal .column,.overlay-jstor-modal .column,.overlay-jstor-positioned .column,.reveal-modal .columns,.overlay-jstor-modal .columns,.overlay-jstor-positioned .columns{min-width:0}dialog>:first-child,.reveal-modal>:first-child,.overlay-jstor-modal>:first-child,.overlay-jstor-positioned>:first-child{margin-top:0}dialog>:last-child,.reveal-modal>:last-child,.overlay-jstor-modal>:last-child,.overlay-jstor-positioned>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px){dialog,.reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{margin-left:-40%;width:80%}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px){dialog,.reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{top:6.25rem}}dialog .close-reveal-modal,dialog .close-overlay,.reveal-modal .close-reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal .close-reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned .close-reveal-modal,.reveal-modal .close-overlay,.overlay-jstor-modal .close-overlay,.overlay-jstor-positioned .close-overlay{font-size:2.5rem;line-height:1;position:absolute;top:0.375rem;right:0.6875rem;color:#fff;font-weight:bold;cursor:pointer}dialog[open]{display:block;visibility:visible}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px){dialog,.reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{padding:0}dialog.radius,.reveal-modal.radius,.radius.overlay-jstor-modal,.radius.overlay-jstor-positioned{border-radius:3px}dialog.round,.reveal-modal.round,.round.overlay-jstor-modal,.round.overlay-jstor-positioned{border-radius:1000px}dialog.collapse,.reveal-modal.collapse,.collapse.overlay-jstor-modal,.collapse.overlay-jstor-positioned{padding:0}dialog.full,.reveal-modal.full,.full.overlay-jstor-modal,.full.overlay-jstor-positioned{top:0;left:0;height:100vh;min-height:100vh;margin-left:0 !important}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px) and (min-width: 561px){dialog.tiny,.reveal-modal.tiny,.tiny.overlay-jstor-modal,.tiny.overlay-jstor-positioned{margin-left:-15%;width:30%}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px) and (min-width: 561px){dialog.small,.reveal-modal.small,.small.overlay-jstor-modal,.small.overlay-jstor-positioned{margin-left:-20%;width:40%}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px) and (min-width: 561px){dialog.medium,.reveal-modal.medium,.medium.overlay-jstor-modal,.medium.overlay-jstor-positioned{margin-left:-30%;width:60%}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px) and (min-width: 561px){dialog.large,.reveal-modal.large,.large.overlay-jstor-modal,.large.overlay-jstor-positioned{margin-left:-35%;width:70%}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px) and (min-width: 561px){dialog.xlarge,.reveal-modal.xlarge,.xlarge.overlay-jstor-modal,.xlarge.overlay-jstor-positioned{margin-left:-47.5%;width:95%}}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px) and (min-width: 561px){dialog.full,.reveal-modal.full,.full.overlay-jstor-modal,.full.overlay-jstor-positioned{margin-left:-50vw;width:100vw}}@media print{dialog,.reveal-modal,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{background:#fff !important}}.alert-box{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;display:block;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:1.25rem;position:relative;padding:0.875rem 1.5rem 0.875rem 0.875rem;font-size:0.8125rem;transition:opacity 300ms ease-out;background-color:#546d89;border-color:#485e76;color:#fff}.alert-box .close{font-size:1.375rem;padding:9px 6px 4px;line-height:0;position:absolute;top:50%;margin-top:-0.6875rem;right:0.25rem;color:#333;opacity:0.3}.alert-box .close:hover,.alert-box .close:focus{opacity:0.5}.alert-box.radius{border-radius:3px}.alert-box.round{border-radius:1000px}.alert-box.success{background-color:#5da423;border-color:#508d1e;color:#fff}.alert-box.alert{background-color:#c60f13;border-color:#aa0d10;color:#fff}.alert-box.secondary{background-color:#e9e9e9;border-color:#c8c8c8;color:#4f4f4f}.alert-box.warning{background-color:#f08a24;border-color:#de770f;color:#fff}.alert-box.info{background-color:#a0d3e8;border-color:#74bfdd;color:#4f4f4f}.alert-box.alert-close{opacity:0}.notify-error{padding:10px 20px;color:#000;background:#fef481}.alert-box-error{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;display:block;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:1.25rem;position:relative;padding:0.875rem 1.5rem 0.875rem 0.875rem;font-size:0.8125rem;transition:opacity 300ms ease-out;background-color:#fef481;border-color:#feef4c;color:#4f4f4f;font-weight:normal;font-size:1em}.alert-box-error .close{text-decoration:none}.alert-box-success{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;display:block;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:1.25rem;position:relative;padding:0.875rem 1.5rem 0.875rem 0.875rem;font-size:0.8125rem;transition:opacity 300ms ease-out;background-color:#eaeff3;border-color:#c0cfdb;color:#4f4f4f;font-weight:normal;font-size:1em;border-width:0px}.alert-box-warning{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;display:block;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:1.25rem;position:relative;padding:0.875rem 1.5rem 0.875rem 0.875rem;font-size:0.8125rem;transition:opacity 300ms ease-out;background-color:#ffba00;border-color:#dba000;color:#fff;font-weight:normal;font-size:1em;border-width:0px;color:#000}img.notResponsive{max-width:none}body area{cursor:pointer}.f-dropdown:before,.f-dropdown:after{visibility:hidden;border:none}.f-dropdown li a:hover{color:#2795b6}.f-dropdown .close{position:absolute;top:5px;right:8px;text-decoration:none;font-size:1.25rem}.overlay-jstor,.overlay-jstor-modal,.overlay-jstor-positioned{border-radius:10px;font-size:0.8125rem;padding:1.75rem}.overlay-jstor-positioned.small{margin-left:-40%;width:80%;min-height:200px}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px){.overlay-jstor-positioned.small{margin-left:0;width:40%}}.overlay-header{font-size:1.0625rem;font-weight:bold}.acceptTC-text{display:block}@media only screen and (min-width: 1280px){.acceptTC-text{display:inline}}.reveal-modal header,.overlay-jstor-modal header,.overlay-jstor-positioned header{background-color:#546d89;padding:10px}.reveal-modal header h2,.overlay-jstor-modal header h2,.overlay-jstor-positioned header h2{margin:0;color:#fff}.reveal-modal p,.overlay-jstor-modal p,.overlay-jstor-positioned p,.reveal-modal div.reveal-body,.overlay-jstor-modal div.reveal-body,.overlay-jstor-positioned div.reveal-body{padding:10px}.accessIcon{margin:0 4px 0 0;vertical-align:text-top}.access-icon{display:block;height:17px;width:17px;margin:auto;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:top center;position:relative;bottom:1px}.access-icon.partial{background-image:url("../../shared/images/access-partial.gif")}.access-icon.none{background-image:url("../../shared/images/access-none.gif")}.access-icon+.f-dropdown{width:228px !important;padding:0.75rem 0.75rem;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;border-radius:2px}@media only screen and (max-width: 560px){.access-icon+.f-dropdown{margin-left:5px}}.expand-arrow{background:url("../../shared/images/expand.gif") 0 45% no-repeat;text-indent:0;width:12px;height:12px;font-size:0;vertical-align:middle;overflow:hidden;display:inline-block}.collapse-arrow{background:url("../../shared/images/collapse.gif") 0 45% no-repeat;text-indent:0;width:12px;height:12px;font-size:0;vertical-align:middle;overflow:hidden;display:inline-block}@media only screen and (min-width: 761px){.ct a{padding-left:16px}.ct .ct-save{background:url("../../shared/images/sprite.gif") 0 -524px no-repeat}.ct .ct-email{background:url("../../shared/images/sprite.gif") 0 -229px no-repeat}.ct .ct-export{background:url("../../shared/images/sprite.gif") 0 -293px no-repeat}.ct .ct-track{background:url("../../shared/images/sprite.gif") 0 -631px no-repeat}}.cover{max-width:150px}.cover-image img{border:1px solid #f1f1f1}.action-buttons{list-style:none;text-align:left}@media only screen and (min-width: 1025px){.action-buttons{text-align:right}.action-buttons .social_sharing>div{float:right}}.action-buttons>li:last-child .button{margin-bottom:0}.action-buttons .button{text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;width:125px;max-width:100%}.action-buttons .has-dropdown:after{position:absolute;right:10px;top:40%;content:"";display:block;width:0;height:0;border:inset 5px;border-color:#fff transparent transparent transparent;border-top-style:solid}.action-buttons .journal_info_button .f-dropdown.content,.action-buttons .book_info_button .f-dropdown.content{width:400px}@media only screen and (min-width: 561px){.action-buttons li{display:inline-block;padding-right:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width: 1025px){.action-buttons li{display:block;padding-right:0}}.citation-copy{width:80%;min-height:40px}.non-js-info{text-align:left}@media only screen and (min-width: 1025px){.non-js-info{text-align:right}}.no-js .export_citations,.no-js .cite-this-item-button{display:none !important}.no-cover{width:144px;height:204px;background-color:#5b5b5b}.no-cover-text{position:absolute;top:45%;width:144px;font-size:130%;color:white}.no-js li.citation-tools-button,.no-js li.book_info_button{display:none !important}.no-js noscript .ccc-logo{background-position:0 center;padding-left:15px !important}.no-js .book-tools{display:inline-block;width:150px;border:1px solid #ccc}.banner{background:#364364;color:#fff}.banner-content{border:1px solid #364364;color:#222;background:#fff}