The Fondazione Istituto Gramsci was founded in 1982, on the basis of the former Istituto Gramsci born in 1950. Its main lines of work are the following: Gramscian studies; implementing and capitalizing on archives and library holdings; research into the history of Republican Italy; the study of twentieth-century international history; analysis of the European integration process. The Foundation's archives are an invaluable resource for the study of twentieth-century Italy's political, social, and cultural history, such as the PCI historical archive (1921-1991) and holdings of personalities linked to the history of Communism and of Italian culture. The archive is supported by a rich library specializing in the same issues. The Foundation's permanent publications are its Annali, the journal Studi Storici, and the Rapporto annuale sull'integrazione europea. The Foundation is also committed to developing the Edizione nazionale degli scritti di Antonio Gramsci and to editing an international bibliography of Gramscian studies.