The Romanian Mathematical Society (R.M.S.) is one of the oldest scientific societies in Romania and one of the largest among similar organisations in Europe. At present, R.M.S. has 51 subsidiaries nationwide and more than 5,000 members, which are teachers, university professors, mathematicians, researchers and students. R.M.S. is a founding member of The Mathematical Society of South-Eastern Europe, a member of The European Mathematical Society and has a reciprocity agreement with The American Mathematical Society.

The aim of The Romanian Mathematical Society is to promote and spread knowledge of mathematics, to give support and highlight original researches in the field, and to raise interest among young people for mathematics.

The Romanian Mathematical Society:

- Edits and publishes four mathematical journals: Bulletin Mathématique de la Societé des Sciences Mathématiques de Roumanie, Gazeta Matematica, Didactica Mtematica, Romanian Mathematical Competitions.
- Organises training activities for teachers and students.
- Organises contests for students and other contests at local or national level.
- Organises mathematical meetings.