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New Zealand first introduced legislation for parental leave in the private and public sectors in 1980, with the Maternity Leave and Employment Protection Act. This Act provided up to 26 weeks of employment protection and unpaid leave for women only. Eligibility required 18 months of continuous employment of 15 hours or more per week for the same employer. Subsequently, there were two major developments in the legislation. In 1987 the introduction of the Parental Leave and Employment Protection Act gave men the right to parental leave and reduced eligibility requirements. The second major change was in 2002 with the introduction of paid parental leave in the Parental Leave and Employment Protection (Paid Parental Leave) Act. This paper applies Baird’s typology of maternity leave orientations to analyse the fundamental debates occurring for each of these changes in legislation. An historical approach is used to gain a more comprehensive and holistic understanding of the development of parental leave legislation for all employees in New Zealand.
Labour History, which has been appearing twice yearly since 1962, is the premier outlet for refereed, scholarly articles in the fields of social and labour history in Australasia. The interdisciplinary nature of labour history, and its acceptance of less traditional sources, including folklore and oral testimony, make it a fascinating field, alive to past and present social justice issues. Labour History also publishes essays, reviews, and memoirs that reflect the involvement of labour historians in the making of history. It examines issues such as labour politics, trade unions, management labour practices, co-operatives, gender and ethnicity. Subscribers receive the printed edition and have the benefits of a digital edition as well.
Liverpool University Press (LUP) is the UK’s third oldest university press, with a distinguished history of publishing exceptional research since 1899, including the work of Nobel prize winners. LUP has rapidly expanded in recent years and now publishes approximately 100 books and 33 journals a year, specialising in literature, modern languages, history and visual culture. LUP won both IPG Academic and Professional Publisher of the Year and the Bookseller Industry Awards Independent Academic, Educational & Professional Publisher of the Year in 2015. "Liverpool University Press is one of the great success stories in the difficult climate of modern academic publishing." --Professor Sir Jonathan Bate
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