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A field study was conducted during 2000 and 2001 at Stoneville, MS, to determine the effects of isopropylamine, trimethylsulfonium (Tms), diammonium, and aminomethanamide dihydrogen tetraoxosulfate (Adt) salt formulations of glyphosate on weed control, growth, chlorophyll content, nodulation, nitrogen content, and grain yield in glyphosate-resistant soybean and to assess potential glyphosate accumulation in soybean nodules. Glyphosate-Tms and glyphosate-Adt injured soybean, and visible injury ranged from 29 to 38% 2 d after late postemergence (LPOST) application; however, soybean recovered by 14 d. Glyphosate formulations had no effect on chlorophyll content, root and shoot dry weight, or nodule number but reduced nodule biomass by 21 to 28% 14 d LPOST. Glyphosate levels in nodules from treated plants ranged from 39 to 147 ng g⁻¹ (dry weight), and leghemoglobin content was reduced by as much as 10%. Control of five predominant weed species 14 d after LPOST was > 83% with one application and > 96% with two applications regardless of the glyphosate salts used. Soybean yields were generally higher with two applications than with one application regardless of glyphosate formulation. These results indicate that soybean injury and inhibition of nodule development with certain glyphosate formulations can occur, but soybean has the potential to recover from glyphosate stress.