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The last years of the nineteenth century saw the widespread acceptance of the idea that library facilities should be made available to the American public free of charge. In the same years, the design of the free American library was at the center of a prolonged and heated debate: on one hand, the newly organized library profession called for designs that supported efficiency in library administration; on the other, the men of wealth who often underwrote library construction continued to favor buildings that reinforced the paternalistic metaphor that sustained their philanthropic activities. Between 1886 and 1917, Andrew Carnegie undertook a program of library giving that reformed both library philanthropy and library design, encouraging a closer correspondence between the two. Using the corporation as his model, Carnegie introduced many of the philanthropic practices of the modern foundation. At the same time, he rejected the rigid social and spatial hierarchy of the nineteenth-century library. In over 1,600 buildings that resulted directly from this program and in hundreds of others influenced by its forms, Carnegie helped create an American public library type that embraced the planning principles espoused by librarians while extending a warmer welcome to the reading public.
The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians (JSAH) is the leading architectural history journal that is published in the English language. The scholarly articles in JSAH are international in scope and focus on every period in the history of the built environment. The journal is broad in its perspective and features the latest research methodologies in the expanding field of architectural history and allied disciplines including the history of design, landscape, urbanism and historic preservation. Published continuously since 1941, JSAH also features guest editorials, exhibition reviews, book reviews, obituaries of key figures in the discipline and abstracts of papers delivered at the Society's scholarly annual conference. JSAH is a benefit of membership in the Society of Architectural Historians.
Founded in 1893, University of California Press, Journals and Digital Publishing Division, disseminates scholarship of enduring value. One of the largest, most distinguished, and innovative of the university presses today, its collection of print and online journals spans topics in the humanities and social sciences, with concentrations in sociology, musicology, history, religion, cultural and area studies, ornithology, law, and literature. In addition to publishing its own journals, the division also provides traditional and digital publishing services to many client scholarly societies and associations.
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