On 16 September 2005 the United Nations General Assembly took an historic step on the issue of human rights. During the UN 60th Anniversary World Summit, world leaders unanimously embraced the “Responsibility to Protect,“ a new global, moral compact to put an end to the most egregious crimes that have repeatedly stained humanity In the World Summit Outcome Document, the international community agreed that each individual state has the responsibility to protect its populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity (hereafter referred to as “atrocity crimes”). If a state fails to protect its populations, this responsibility...
The Responsibility to Protect was first articulated by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) in its 2001 report. Triggered by the failures to act in Rwanda and Srebrenica as well as the controversies generated by the action taken in Kosovo, the purpose of the report was to produce recommendations on how the international community should respond to internal, manmade, human-rights-violating catastrophes. In an attempt to end the deadlock between those in favor of and those opposed to socalled “humanitarian interventions,” the commission created a new way of talking about this issue and gave life to the “Responsibility...
R2P is a new and emerging framework grounded in the rule of law that builds on the international legal and judicial systems.
R2P is first and foremost the individual responsibility of each state to prevent and stop atrocity crimes against its populations. The international community should help states protect their populations, including through capacity-building. If a state fails to protect its populations from genocide, crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing, and war crimes, then the international community has the responsibility to protect those populations. The Responsibility to Protect borne by the international community calls for the establishment of multilateral processes based...
The execution of the campaign will require bringing current efforts undertaken by the R2P Coalition to the next level. This would require hiring one or two staff dedicated to operationalizing the campaign through a new organization or a modified R2P Coalition that would become the institutional focal point (structural hub or secretariat) for R2P campaign efforts in the United States. Alternatively existing organizations active in the field of R2P could work in partnership through a more decentralized structure.
A national campaign should also be linked to international efforts to promote R2P To that end, there is a need to study...
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